Sonography of the Outflow Tracts of the Fetal Heart

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Question 1 of 6

1. Question
Which one of the following statements is false? Colour Doppler is essential to fetal echo exam as it:
- a) complements grey-scale images
- b) allows for a more accurate measurement of heart rate
- c) highlights intravascular flow events within the outflow tracts
- d) assists the quantification of spectral Doppler flow pattern quantification
Question 2 of 6

2. Question
First trimester echocardiography is performed
- a) routinely
- b) during all the nuchal translucency evaluation
- c) when there is family history of cardiac defects
- d) with an abnormal maternal serum screening test
Question 3 of 6

3. Question
The 3 vessel view shows the normal relationship between:
- a) two umbilical arteries and one vein
- b) MPA, IVC and Ductus venosus
- c) MPA, Dao and SVC
- d) MPA, AAo and SVC.
Question 4 of 6

4. Question
Which of the following statements is true?
- a) Small lesions such as small ventricular septal defects are always seen after 18 weeks.
- b) Lesions such as aortic or pulmonary valve stenosis are not evident until after 36 weeks.
- c) Pulsed Doppler is only used to quantify flow velocity if the flow pattern on colour Doppler is abnormal.
- d) Sonographically, the fetal cardiac chambers can be examined as early as 6 weeks of gestation.
Question 5 of 6

5. Question
Assessment of the LVOT involves all of the following except:
- a) Pulmonary valve is not thickened and moves freely
- b) Ascending aorta arises from the morphological left ventricle, which is defined by a smooth ventricular wall and papillary muscles that attach to the side wall of the ventricle
- c) Laminar antegrade flow is present in the ascending aorta on color Doppler as it exits the left ventricle at an angle of 30–45° and sweeps to the right and cranially before turning posteriorly.
- d) The ascending aorta does not override the interventricular septum, which has intact membranous and muscular portions.
Question 6 of 6

6. Question
Assessment of the RVOT involves the following except:
- a) The pulmonary artery arises from the morphological right ventricle
- b) The right ventricle is defined by a moderator band at its apex
- c) The LVOT is slightly larger than the RVOT
- d) Bifurcation into left and right branches confirms that the vessel is the PA

CJMS Volume 9 – Issue 2, Quiz 1

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